GS103 Quiz 2

3. Which one of the following wave quantities is not related to the others?

A) speed

B) frequency 

C) amplitude

D) wavelength

4. An automobile sounding its horn is moving toward an observer. The frequency of the horn’s sound relative to its normal frequency is 

A) higher

B) lower.

C) the same

D) higher or lower depending upon the amplitude of the waves.

5. The protons in a nucleus stay together due to the

A) electrostatic force of attraction 

B) nuclear force

C) gravitational force

D) binding force

6. The radioactive isotope Z has a half-life of 12 hours. After 2 days, the fraction of the original amount remaining is

A) ½

B) ¼

C) 1/8. 

D) 1/16

7. When an isotope releases gamma radiation the atomic number

A) decreases by two and the mass number decreases by four

B) increases by one and the mass number remains the same

C) and the mass number decrease by one 

D) and the mass number remain the same

8. The mass number of a nucleus is the number of

A) protons in the nucleus

B) neutrons in the nucleus 

C) protons and neutrons in the nucleus

D) quarks in the nucleus

9. Which of the following cannot be broken down to anything simpler?

A) water

B) table salt 

C) silver

D) sugar

10. Each family, or group of elements in a vertical column of the periodic table has elements with chemical characteristics that are

A) exactly the same 

B) similar

C) different

D) exactly opposite

11. Which one of the following is not characteristic of a compound?

A) has a specific boiling point and freezing point

B) is not chemically altered by a change in state

C) its elements are present in a specific ratio 

D) cannot be broken down into two or more elements by chemical means

12.  A strong base can be neutralized by combining it with a(n) 

A) strong acid

B) salt

C) alkali metal

D) weak base

13. Crystalline solids are those whose particles are

A) extremely hard 

B) arranged in repeated patterns

C) shaped like tiny crystals

D) without form

14. A water solution of a certain substance has a sour taste and turns blue litmus to red. The substance is most likely to be a(n)

A) base

B) alkali 

C) acid

D) salt

15. Covalent bonds are formed when

A) electrons are transferred from the excited to the ground state

B) electrons are transferred from the ground state to the excited state

C) electrons are transferred between atoms 

D) atoms share electrons

16. The burning of coal, in which energy is liberated, is a(n) 

A) exothermic reaction

B) endothermic reaction

C) catalytic reaction

D) equilibrium reaction

17. Consider the following chemical equation: CH4 + 2 O2® CO2 + 2 H2O. The number of atoms on each side of the equation is

A) 5

B) 6

C) 7 

D) 9

18. The layer of the atmosphere in which weather occurs is the 

A) mesosphere

B) stratosphere

C) thermosphere

D) troposphere

19. A cyclone is centered about a 

A) region of low pressure

B) region of high pressure

C) cold front

D) occluded front

20. Winds form in response to the 

A) uneven heating of the earth’s surface

B) rotation of the earth on its axis

C) Coriolis effect

D) friction between ocean currents and the atmosphere

21. Seasonal large-scale sea and land breezes associated with pronounced wet and dry seasons are called

A) doldrums

B) westerlies

C) trade winds 

D) monsoons

22. In terms of highest to lowest abundance by mass, which best represents the elements found in the earth’s crust?

A) Iron, calcium, aluminum, silicon, oxygen 

B) Oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium

C) Silicon, oxygen, aluminum, calcium, iron

D) Oxygen, aluminum, silicon, iron, calcium

23. Foliation 

A) is the arrangement of flat or elongated minerals found in some metamorphic rocks

B) is the slippage of large pieces of crust that causes earthquakes

C) is never found in schist, gneiss, or slate

D) is commonly found in chemical and biochemical precipitates like limestone and chert

24. The ________ of an earthquake is the place in the earth where crustal blocks moved; the ________ of an earthquake is a point on the surface above.

A) epicenter, focus 

B) focus, epicenter

C) focus, slippage

D) epicenter, fault 

25. S waves differ from P waves in that S waves

A) can travel through liquids and P waves cannot.

B) are body waves and P waves are surface waves

C) travel faster than P waves 

D) are transverse waves and P waves are longitudinal waves